Spain corporate taxes
Spain taxes company profit at 25%, with reduced rates phasing in for micro and small companies (19–23% in 2026) and 15% for new companies. VAT is 21%, personal income tax combines a state and a regional scale up to around 47%, and payroll carries heavy social-security contributions. Filing runs through the AEAT; annual accounts go to the Commercial Register. (Figures are for common territory — the Basque, Navarre and island regimes differ.)
Currency EUR (€)Tax year Calendar year (or chosen financial year)EU member stateLast reviewed 2026-07-12
25%
Corporate income tax
19–23% for smaller companies; 15% new
21%
VAT standard rate
Reduced: 10% and 4%
up to ~47%
Income tax
State + regional scale
19–30%
Savings & dividend tax
Progressive on investment income
~30.6%
Social — employer
Of gross salary
19%
Dividend WHT (non-resident)
0% EU parent-subsidiary
Company forms & registration
A company is incorporated by public deed before a notary and entered in the Commercial Register (Registro Mercantil), and obtains a tax number (NIF) from the AEAT. Beneficial owners go to the central register (RCTIR).
| Main legal forms | SL (private limited), SA (public limited), autónomo (sole trader)[4][5]The SL is the default choice for most businesses. |
|---|---|
| Minimum share capital — SL | €1 (since 2022)[5][4]While capital is under €3,000: at least 20% of profit goes to a legal reserve, and shareholders are jointly liable up to €3,000 on liquidation. SA: €60,000 (25% paid up). |
| Registers a new employer meets | Registro Mercantil (incorporation) → AEAT (NIF, tax, VAT) → Seguridad Social (employer) → RCTIR (beneficial owners)[7][12] |
Other statutory requirements
Obligations beyond filing a tax return that every operating company must satisfy.
| Immediate VAT reporting (SII) | Invoice records supplied within 4 business days[10]Mandatory for large taxpayers (turnover above €6m), monthly-refund register members and VAT groups. |
|---|---|
| B2B e-invoicing (upcoming) | Mandatory structured invoices, phasing in[5][11]The “Crea y Crece” law and its 2026 regulation mandate B2B e-invoicing; go-live is phased (larger companies first) once the enabling ministerial order is published — expected around 2027–2028. Separately, the Verifactu invoicing-software rules apply to companies from 2027. |
| Beneficial owners (RCTIR) | Person controlling >25% registered centrally[7] |
| Document retention | 6 years (commercial records)[4] |
Corporate income tax (Impuesto sobre Sociedades)
| Standard rate | 25%[1][7] |
|---|---|
| Micro-companies (turnover < €1m) | 19% on first €50,000, 21% above (2026)[1][7]Part of a phase-down to 17%/20% from 2027. Small companies (turnover €1m–€10m) pay 23% in 2026, falling to 21% by 2028. |
| New companies | 15%[1][7]For the first period with a positive tax base and the next one; qualifying start-ups keep 15% for up to four years. |
| Minimum tax | 15% for large taxpayers[1][7]A minimum effective rate on the tax base for taxpayers with turnover ≥ €20m or taxed under consolidation. |
| Return & advances | Modelo 200 by 25 July; Modelo 202 in Apr, Oct, Dec[1][7]The annual return is due within 25 days after the 6 months following year end (25 July for calendar-year companies). |
Withholding taxes & dividends
| Dividends to non-residents | 19%[9]EU parent-subsidiary exemption to 0% for a ≥5% holding held a year; treaty rates otherwise. A residence certificate is needed for treaty/exemption relief. |
|---|---|
| Interest to non-residents | 19% (0% EU/EEA)[9] |
| Royalties to non-residents | 19% general; 24% image rights[9]0% between associated EU companies under the Interest & Royalties Directive; treaty rates otherwise. |
| Savings income of residents | 19% / 21% / 23% / 27% / 30%[3][9]Progressive scale on dividends, interest and gains; the top 30% band applies above €300,000 (since 2025). |
VAT (IVA)
| Standard rate | 21%[2][8] |
|---|---|
| Reduced rates | 10% and 4%[2][8]10%: hospitality, transport, certain foods. 4% (super-reduced): basic foods, books, medicines. 0% for exports and intra-EU supplies. |
| Registration | No threshold — from the first business activity[8] |
| VAT return | Modelo 303, quarterly or monthly by the 20th[8]Q4 is due by 30 January; large taxpayers file monthly. An annual summary (Modelo 390) is filed in January. |
Payroll: income tax & social security
Income tax combines a state scale with an autonomous-community scale, so the top marginal rate varies by region. The employer withholds income tax and pays most of the social-security cost.
| Income tax (IRPF) | Progressive, up to ~47%[3][9]A state scale (9.5%–24.5%) plus a regional scale set by each autonomous community; combined top marginal rates run around 45%–50% depending on region. |
|---|---|
| Employer social security | ~30.6% of gross[12]Common contingencies 23.6%, unemployment, wage-guarantee and training funds, plus the intergenerational equity mechanism (MEI 0.9% in 2026) and accident insurance. |
| Employee social security | ~6.5% of gross[12]Up to a maximum monthly contribution base of €5,101.20 in 2026; a solidarity contribution applies above the ceiling. |
| Minimum wage (SMI) | €1,221/month × 14 (€17,094/year)[6]2026 figure. |
| Reporting | Withholding return Modelo 111 quarterly (monthly for large firms)[9][12]Social-security contributions are paid monthly. An annual summary (Modelo 190) is filed in January. |
Other taxes companies meet
| Business activities tax (IAE) | Local; exempt under €1m turnover[7]All companies are exempt for their first two years and thereafter if turnover is below €1m. |
|---|---|
| Property tax (IBI) | Municipal, on cadastral value[7] |
| Transfer tax & stamp duty (ITP/AJD) | Regional; company incorporation is exempt[7]Set by each autonomous community; forming a company or increasing capital is exempt from the corporate-operations charge. |
Accounting & financial statements
| Accounting standards | Plan General de Contabilidad or IFRS[4]IFRS is used for consolidated accounts of listed groups. |
|---|---|
| Approval & deposit | Approve within 6 months; deposit within 1 month[4]Accounts are deposited at the Commercial Register about July for a calendar-year company. |
| Statutory audit | 2 of 3: assets €2.85m, turnover €5.7m, 50 employees[4]Exceeding two of the three limits for two consecutive years triggers an audit. |
Forms & filings
Every recurring return and report a typical company deals with, what triggers it, and where it goes. Registration-time and one-off filings are marked “per event”.
| Form | What it is | Who files | Frequency | Deadline | Filed with |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Modelo 200 | Corporate income tax return[1][7] | CIT payers | annual | 25 July (calendar-year companies) | AEATSede AEAT |
Modelo 202 | CIT advance payment[1][7] | CIT payers | quarterly | April, October, December (1–20) | AEATSede AEAT |
Modelo 303 | VAT self-assessment[2][8] | VAT-registered persons | quarterly | By the 20th (Q4 by 30 Jan) | AEATSede AEAT |
Modelo 111 | Income tax withholding return[9] | Employers & payers | quarterly | By the 20th (monthly for large firms) | AEATSede AEAT |
Modelo 349 | EU sales & acquisitions list[8] | Intra-EU traders | monthly | By the 20th of the following period | AEATSede AEAT |
Cuentas anuales | Annual accounts deposit[4] | All companies | annual | Within 1 month of approval (~July) | Registro MercantilRegistro Mercantil |
Compliance calendar
The same filings grouped by rhythm — what recurs when.
monthly
Modelo 349By the 20th of the following period
quarterly
Modelo 202April, October, December (1–20)Modelo 303By the 20th (Q4 by 30 Jan)Modelo 111By the 20th (monthly for large firms)
annual
Modelo 20025 July (calendar-year companies)Cuentas anualesWithin 1 month of approval (~July)
Sources
Numbered references cited throughout this profile. Laws link to consolidated texts in the official register.
- Corporate Income Tax Law (Ley 27/2014 del Impuesto sobre Sociedades)
- VAT Law (Ley 37/1992 del Impuesto sobre el Valor Añadido)
- Personal Income Tax Law (Ley 35/2006 del IRPF)
- Companies Act (Ley de Sociedades de Capital, RDL 1/2010)
- Company Creation and Growth Act (Ley 18/2022, “Crea y Crece”)
- Minimum wage 2026 (Real Decreto 126/2026)
- Corporate income tax — rate & guidance
- VAT — guidance
- Non-resident income tax — rates
- Immediate Supply of Information (SII)
- Verifactu invoicing systems
- Social security contributions