Comparison
Dividend tax rates
The tax a resident individual pays on dividends in each country. Several countries with a distributed-profit or full-imputation system tax profit only at the company, so the shareholder rate is effectively 0%.
| Notes | ||
|---|---|---|
| Estonia | 0% | Not taxed again at the shareholder — profit is taxed at the company on distribution (22%). |
| Latvia | 0% | Not taxed again at the shareholder — profit is taxed at the company on distribution (20/80). |
| Malta | 0% | Full imputation: the dividend carries the tax the company already paid, so there is no further tax for the shareholder. |
| Bulgaria | 5% | Flat rate, for residents and non-residents. |
| Cyprus | 5% | Special defence contribution for domiciled residents (cut from 17% to 5% for post-2026 profits); 0% for non-domiciled residents and non-residents. |
| Greece | 5% | Flat rate, for residents and non-residents. |
| Slovakia | 7% | For individuals (on profits from 2025 on); 0% between resident companies. |
| United Kingdom | 10.75–39.35% | £500 dividend allowance, then 10.75% / 35.75% / 39.35% by income band (2026/27). |
| Croatia | 12% | For resident individuals; 10% withholding to non-residents. |
| Czechia | 15% | Withholding tax; 35% to non-cooperative jurisdictions. |
| Hungary | 15% | 15% personal income tax for individuals, plus a 13% social contribution up to a cap; 0% on payments to companies. |
| Lithuania | 15% | Withholding on dividends to individuals; 0% participation exemption between companies. |
| Luxembourg | 15% | 15% withholding; 0% under the participation exemption. Individuals may exempt 50% of the dividend. |
| Netherlands | 15% | 15% dividend withholding tax (creditable); substantial holdings are taxed in Box 2 (up to 31%). |
| Romania | 16% | Flat rate, raised from 10% to 16% for 2026. |
| Poland | 19% | Flat 19% PIT on dividends for individuals — no tax-free amount or participation exemption (0% EU parent-subsidiary applies only to companies). |
| Spain | 19–30% | Progressive savings-income tax: 19% up to €6,000, rising to 30% above €300,000. |
| Ireland | 25% | Dividend withholding tax; residents are then taxed at their marginal rates. |
| Slovenia | 25% | Flat rate for residents; 15% withholding to non-residents. |
| Finland | ≈25.5–28.9% | Effective rate on listed-share dividends (85% taxed as 30–34% capital income); 20% withholding for non-residents. |
| Italy | 26% | Flat substitute tax for individuals. |
| Germany | 26.375% | 25% flat tax plus a 5.5% solidarity surcharge (Abgeltungsteuer). |
| Denmark | 27% / 42% | 27% up to DKK 79,400 a year, 42% above (resident individuals). |
| Austria | 27.5% | Final withholding tax (KESt) for individuals. |
| Portugal | 28% | Flat rate for residents (with an option to aggregate with other income); 25% withholding to non-residents. |
| Belgium | 30% | Standard withholding tax; reduced to 15% (rising to 18% in 2026) for qualifying SME (VVPRbis) shares. |
| Sweden | 30% | Flat capital-income tax; special 3:12 rules apply to close-company owners. |
| France | 31.4% | Flat tax (PFU): 12.8% income tax plus 18.6% social contributions (CSG raised for 2026). |